دراسة مقارنة لاستجابة القمح الصلب صنف مرجاوي للتسميد الازوتي باليوريا وثنائي الفوسفات على النمو والمحصول و مكوناته تحت الظروف الطبيعية لمنطقة بلغراى - الجبل الاخضر

Abstract

Two field experiments were conducted at Crop Science Research Station - Faculty of Agriculture, Omar AL-Mukhtar University, during 2017-2018 and 2018-2019 growing seasons to evaluate the response of hard wheat ( Triticum durum L.) var. El-Marjawi to nitrogen fertilizer in the form of urea (N46%) at different levels (25, 50, and 100 kg ha-1 ) , and phosphorus fertilizer levels ( 50, 100, and 150kg DAP.ha-1). and their effects on growth , yield and yield components under normal conditions of the experiment region. The agronomic characters studied included plant height , chlorophyll content, number of total tillers /plant ,number of tillers bearing spikes , number of tillers non bearing spikes , spike length, biological yield, grain yield, straw yield, dry weight of grain / spike , dry weight of 1000- grain, harvest index, and grain protein content. The obtained results could be summarized as follow : plant height, number of tillers bearing spikes, spike length, biological yield, grain yield, dry weight of grain / spike , showed high significant response and had been increased significantly when nitrogen fertilizer in the form of (urea 46%N ) was used at (100 kg /ha-1 ) compared with the rates of ( 25 and 50 kg/ha- 1 ). In contrast, chlorophyll (A), number of total tillers /plant, number of tillers non bearing spikes, dry weight of 1000- grain, harvest index, and grain protein content. However, chlorophyll (B),total chlorophyll, and straw yield showed no significant differences during 1st and 2 nd growing seasons due to the impact of nitrogen fertilizer. 54 The interaction effect between( N X DAP) was not significant for all agronomic characters tested indicated that each factor acts independently of its effect. However, the interactions between N fertilize and 1 st and 2 nd seasons were significant, same results were obtained between DAP fertilizers and seasons. Addition of phosphorus fertilizer (DAP) causing high significant differences in both seasons on plant height ,number of tillers bearing spikes ,spike length, biological yield, grain yield, dry weight of grain / spike during both agricultural seasons. While number of total tillers /plant, and protein content showed significant differences during both seasons. Moreover, dry weight of 1000- grain, and harvest index had characters had no significant differences during the second season when DAP fertilizer added with the three different rates. However, chlorophyll ( A, B, and total chlorophyll ) number of tillers non bearing spikes straw yield showed no significant differences on both seasons