دراسة تحولات الأسمدة النيتروجينية المضافة لترب المرج والصفصاف بمنطقة الجبل الأخضر

Abstract

This study was conducted at two sites area of Green Mountain, represents the first location El-marg area (agricultural research station). The station is located on the longitude (20 50) and latitude (32 28) and at an altitude of 310 m above the surface of the Sea level (4) km east from the city of Elmarg on the coastal road linking Benghazi and El-beda. The second site Assfsaf area (Agricultural Research Station). Located in Assfsaf in the Green Mountain area east of El-beda City on the 20 km distance and the longitude (21 56) and latitude (32 46) and at an altitude of 641 m above the surface of the Sea level. This study aimed to follow up the effect of adding sulfur and nitrification inhibitors on the efficiency and transformations of nitrogen fertilizer in soil and the growth of barley and activity total soil bacteria. To achieve the objectives of this study soil samples from the surface to the depth 20 cm it were collected from the regions of the study Areas, chemical and physical properties of the soil were estimated, and forced the experiments in pots and put in a place of study by the distribution field of design (split plot design for twice) After cultivated of barley plant and irrigation to field capacity even under conditions of semicourt added each planter pots treatments of 80 mg / kg soil of P2O5 fertilizer superphosphate and potassium sulfate K2SO4 as sources of phosphorus, potassium, two weeks before the date of Agriculture. Agriculture has also been added sulfur 2 % in pots prepared for this treatment and mixing it well with topsoil to a depth of 5 cm as well as two weeks before the date of planting. Treatments are two types of nitrogen fertilizer as urea and potassium nitrate were added in two period and two doses 80 mg fertilizer / kg soil. First dose added on the soil surface after 3 weeks of the process of germination and the second dose was added after two weeks after the first dose adding, and treatments included also two types of inhibitors, the first is EDTA compound (Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid) and the second pesticide Carbofuran were added as a single dose each at 50 mg / kg soil at the same date Add first dose of nitrogen fertilizer. The results of this study showed that significant increase in average fresh and dry weight of shoots to barley plant in soils El-marg and Assfsaf as a result of various treatments compared with soil comparison ranged wet weight of 60.03 g / pot to 98.83 g / pot, while the dry weight of 17.40 to 33.16 g / pot, for comparison sample also notes that significant increase in average total vegetative weight in Carbofuran treatments and treatments for EDTA addition of sulfur in general led to the wet and dry weight increase. Variation in the vegetative barley crop grown in two soils of nitrate anion content NO3- under various treatments inhibitors, fertilizer and sulfur, in general conditions occurred ranged concentration of this anion in the plant from 8.7710 -14.278 ppm, the addition of the concentration of 2% sulfur led to lower average concentration of nitrate in the barley plant compared to the treatments has not added to it as well as the focus was less on the user treatments where Carbofuran from those where the user EDTA. Various treatments led to the high content of the vegetative part of the barley plant from phosphorus element in soils this content ranged from 694.73 to 1083.27 ppm and that the addition of sulfur led to higher plant content of this element. Large variations in barley plant content from the potassium element did not happen in both soils as a result of various treatments. Affected soil content of nitrate anion NO3- by various treatments for inhibitors, sulfur and sources of nitrogen added, and it may range from 8.02 to 14,265 ppm in soils resulted in these treatments to lower average concentration of the anions compared with soil non-treatment, as well the concentration of 2% sulfur resulted by lower average concentration of nitrates compared to non-treated soil with sulfur as the difference between the average concentration of nitrate anion in both soils and after the first and second addition of nitrogen fertilizer was a very highly signification as a result of adding inhibitors compared to non-treated soil. The average pH values decreased in general and in soils when Add 2% sulfur in the presence of potassium nitrate fertilizer more than urea fertilizer. The various treatments have affected of the total bacteria in soils it is noted in general that these treatments led to a decline in preparation compared to the soil is treated and that the addition concentration of 2% sulfur led to decline pubulation bacteria as the inhibitor Carbofuran was high effected where decreasing the pubulation by comparing treatments of EDTA inhibitor.