ammonium phosphate fertilization and zinc application methods on growth and yield characteristics of barley crop under the AL-osyta rergion condition AI-GABAL AL-AKhdar Libya

Abstract

1- Two field experiments were conducted at EL- Waseta in El-Jabal Al-khaddar region, situated in the attitude 32° 47′ 50" north, 21° 14′ 30" east, and altitude 300 meters over sea level and study effects of diammonium phosphate (DAP) rates 0, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha-1 and zinc sulfate 1kg during, seeding, foliar spraying before tillering comparing to the control on barley(Erawen) cultivar during the two seasons 20/21 and 22/21- in main and zinc on subplots. The results revealed that: 2-The experiment layout by split-plot design with 3 replicates of the DAP. 3-Un significant differences during the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd, months of the growth stage regarding plant height due to DAP Zinc and their interactionsin both the2 seasons. 4-The physiological characteristics of the barley crop indicated that the fertilization rate of 200 kg/ha of ammonium phosphate was the best for the barley crop. This rate gave the highest partial productivity coefficient, weight of barley plant during 1st, the 2nd and 3rd months of growth significantly increased by 200 kg of DAP mean while fresh dry weight was not affected due to Zinc application in the two seasons while dry weight significantly increased in Ist season by foliar spraying of zinc. The interaction of DAP X Zinc exhibited a significant increase in fresh and dry plant weight of 1st, the 2nd, and 3rd months of growth. Leaves 6- Leaves chlorophyll contents of chll ab and total were not affected by rates of DAP in both the 2 seasons the exception of total chll in 1st season increased by 200kg ha-1 of DAP moreover, the contents methods of Zn application and experimental factors interaction during the 2 season. 7-Leaves contents of nitrogen phosphor and zinc increased significantly with the rate of 200 kg ha-1 of DAP in both the two seasons for N and P of 1st season regarding Zn contents barley leaves contents of N in 2nd season consolidated to the response to the methods of Zn applications. The trend of interaction was dependent in both the two Seasons. 8-Leaf area index is significantly superior due to 200 kg ha- of DAP, meanwhile, UN is significantly affected by Zn methods of application and the interaction in both two seasons. 9-Barley plant leaf area during 1st, 2nd, 3rd month of seeding. Outshoot by 200 kg ha-1 of DAP 1st season only That area was not affected by Zn application methods and their interaction with exclusion in, the 1st month in the 1st season, in both the two seasons. 10-The number of bearing and nonbearing in the two seasons and total season were unaffected by DAP levels. The Similar direction of no of bearing & nonbearing tillers in both seasons due to Zn methods, while significantly affected of nonbearing tillering in Ist season Zn spraying The interaction were not significant differences in both the two Season. 11-Spike length, spikelets per spike, and grains/spike were unaffected in both two seasons, and spike grain weight in the 2nd season by DAP levels and Zn application methods, while spike grain weight increased significantly in the 2nd season by foliar application un significantly affected of all trails by interaction in the two seasons. 12-The greatest grain yield of 2.77, 2.37 t/ ha-1, straw yield of 3.53 2.97 t/ha-1 and biological yield 6.30 t/ ha-1 5 5.34 t/ ha-1 were reached by 200 kg ha-1 of DAP comparing to the Control, 1.61 1.38, 2.61, 2.33, 4.22, 3.71 t/ha-1 of these trails in both the 1st 2nd Seasons respectively. The applications did not affect grain yield in the first season. While foliar spraying gave a great yield of 2.08 t/ha-1 compared to the control of 2.01 t/ ha-1 in the 2nd Seasons straw and yield. Biological yield is not affected by Zn application and the interaction in both the two seasons. 13-Un- affected by 1000-grain weight by both this study Factors and interaction in both the two seasons. 14-The least harvest index (HI) of 38.15 37.20% was recorded in the control compared to the great 44.59, 43.46% due to 250 kg t/ha-1 of DAP fertilizer in both the two seasons unaffected of HI in the 1st season. and affected significantly in 2nd season, The greatest 47.63% from no Zinc applications while the least 40.31% from foliar spraying of Zn. The interaction revealed in significant differences between both first and second Seasons